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wifi詳解(三)_人人IT網 bcm4330 linux driver 例子

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wifi詳解(三)

時間:2012-07-03 13:01來源:Internet 作者:Internet 點擊: 1167 次
1        WLAN驅動結構介紹 1.1      S

1        WLAN驅動結構介紹

1.1      SDIO驅動

在drivers/mmc下面是mmc卡,SD卡和SDIO卡驅動部分,其中包括host驅動,card驅動和core部分,由於網络接口卡掛接在SDIO總線上,所以在此之前我們先看一下SDIO的驅動結構。其驅動在drivers/mmc目錄下的結構为:

|-- mmc
|   |-- card
|   |-- core
|   |-- host

主要關注的目錄是core目錄,這個目錄是真個驅動的核心目錄,是媒體卡的通用代碼部分,包括core.c,host.c和sdio.c等。 CORE 層完成了不同協議和規範的實現,並为HOST 層的驅動提供了接口函數,該目錄完成sdio總線的注冊操作,相應的ops操作,以及支持mmc的代碼。詳細的情況將在函數接口部分詳細討論。
Host目錄是不同平台根據平台的特性而編寫的host驅動。

1.2      Boardcom無線通訊芯片

1.2.1       概述

全球有線和無線通信半導體市場的領導者Broadcom(博通)公司(Nasdaq:BRCM)宣布,推出最新無線組合芯片BCM4330,該芯片 可支持更多媒體形式和數據應用,且不會增大智能手機、平板電腦及其他移動設備的尺寸或縮短其電池壽命。BCM4330在單個芯片上集成了業界領先的 Broadcom 802.11n Wi-Fi、藍牙和FM無線技術,與分立式半導體器件組成的解决方案相比,在成本、尺寸、功耗和性能上有顯著優勢,是移動設備的理想選擇。
BCM4330采用了新的Wi-Fi和藍牙標准,可支持新的、令人振奮的應用。例如,Broadcom BCM4330是業界第一款經過藍牙4.0標准認證的組合芯片解决方案, 集成了藍牙低功耗(BLE)標准。該標准使藍牙技術能以超低功耗運行,因此BCM4330非常适用於需要很長電池壽命的系統,如無線傳感器、醫療和健身監 控設備等。BCM4330還支持Wi-Fi Direct™和藍牙高速(HS)標准,因此采用BCM4330的移動設備能直接相互通信,而不必先連接到接入點、成为傳統網络的一部分,從而为很多無線 設備之間新的應用和使用模式創造了機會。
Broadcom一直支持所有主流的操作系統(OS)平台,如MicrosoftWindows和Windows Phone、Google Chrome、Android等等,而且不僅是BCM4330,所有藍牙、WLAN和GPS芯片組都提供這样的支持。

1.2.2       源碼

Bcm4330驅動源碼一般被廠商單獨提供,如果要在開發的LINUX系統中(當然它還支持多種平台)使用該源碼,可以添加到linux kernel源碼樹裏,也可以單獨組織存放,可以直接編譯到kernel,也可以編譯成模塊,然後再系統启動的流程中或其他适當的實際加載到kernel 中,一般建議單獨組織並編譯成模塊在需要的時候加載如kernel。
|-- src
|   |-- bcmsdio
|   |-- dhd
|   |--dongle
|   |--include
|   |-- shared
|   |-- wl

這裏主要內容到bcmsdio,dhd和wl三個目錄下,bcm4330驅動的入口在dhd/sys/dhd_linux.c文件中的dhd_module()函數,設備的初始化和相關驅動注冊都從這裏開始,

1.3      詳細接口及代碼分析

1.3.1      WIFI驅動流程分析

    以boardcom bcm4329芯片驅動为例,相應的函數流程圖如下:       
                       

1.3.2       WIFI設備注冊流程

Platform_driver_register(wifi_device[_legacy])的調用將wifi_device[_legacy]驅動注冊到系統中,wifi_device_legacy是为了兼容老版本的驅動。
Path: wl/sys/wl_android.c
Static struct Platform_driver wifi_device ={
         .probe     =     wifi_probe
         .remove   =     wifi_remove
         .suspend  =     wifi_supend
         .resume   =     wifi_resume
         .driver     =     {
         .name      =     bcmdhd_wlan
}
}

Static struct Platform_driver wifi_device_legacy ={
         .probe     =     wifi_probe
         .remove   =     wifi_remove
         .suspend  =     wifi_supend
         .resume   =     wifi_resume
         .driver     =     {
         .name      =     bcm4329_wlan
}
}
上面的展示了wifi平台設備驅動的注冊過程,那麼在平台相關的代碼區應該有wifi作为平台設備被初始化和注冊的地方:
Path: kernel/arch/arm/mach-msm/msm_
static struct resource mahimahi_wifi_resources[] = {
        [0] = {
                .name           = "bcm4329_wlan_irq",
                .start          =MSM_GPIO_TO_INT(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_WIFI_IRQ),
                .end            = MSM_GPIO_TO_INT(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_WIFI_IRQ),
                .flags          = IORESOURCE_IRQ |IORESOURCE_IRQ_HIGHLEVEL | IORESOURCE_IRQ_SHAREABLE,
        },
};

static structwifi_platform_data mahimahi_wifi_control = {
        .set_power      = mahimahi_wifi_power,
        .set_reset      = mahimahi_wifi_reset,
        .set_carddetect = mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect,
        .mem_prealloc   = mahimahi_wifi_mem_prealloc,
};

static struct platform_device mahimahi_wifi_device = {
        .name           = "bcm4329_wlan",
        .id             = 1,
        .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(mahimahi_wifi_resources),
        .resource       = mahimahi_wifi_resources,
        .dev            = {
               .platform_data = &mahimahi_wifi_control,
        },
};
上面是對wifi_device設備的初始化,下面是對該設備的注冊:
static int __initmahimahi_wifi_init(void)
{
        int ret;

        if (!machine_is_mahimahi())
                return 0;

        printk("%s: start\n",__func__);
       mahimahi_wifi_update_nvs("sd_oobonly=1\r\n", 0);
       mahimahi_wifi_update_nvs("btc_params70=0x32\r\n", 1);
        mahimahi_init_wifi_mem();
        ret = platform_device_register(&mahimahi_wifi_device);
        return ret;
}

late_initcall(mahimahi_wifi_init);      //表明在系統启動的後期會自動調用加載該模塊
這样,通過上面的初始化和注冊流程,wifi設備作为平台設備和驅動就可以握手成功了,這裏的平台驅動只是對wifi設備的簡單管理,如對wifi設備的掛起和恢复等操作了。但是在wifi設備初始化之前是不能夠被掛起和恢复的,那麼wifi設備是如何初始化的呢?
Path: wl/sys/wl_android.c
static int wifi_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)
{
        struct wifi_platform_data *wifi_ctrl =
                (structwifi_platform_data *)(pdev->dev.platform_data);

        DHD_ERROR(("## %s\n",__FUNCTION__));
        wifi_irqres = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev,IORESOURCE_IRQ, "bcmdhd_wlan_irq");
        if (wifi_irqres == NULL)
                wifi_irqres =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev,
                        IORESOURCE_IRQ,"bcm4329_wlan_irq");
        wifi_control_data = wifi_ctrl;

        wifi_set_power(1,0);   /* Power On */
       wifi_set_carddetect(1); /* CardDetect (0->1) */

        up(&wifi_control_sem);
        return 0;
}
這是wifi平台設備驅動注冊時成功匹配wifi設備後調用的函數wifi_probe(),它的主要工作就是從wifi設備中獲取終端資源,並獲 取wifi_platform_data類型結構賦予wifi_control_data變量,這一步很重要,下面就可以看出了它的重要性。然後調用 wifi_set_power和wifi_set_carddetect函數给wifi芯片上電並檢測。
int wifi_set_power(int on, unsignedlong msec)
{
        DHD_ERROR(("%s = %d\n",__FUNCTION__, on));
        if (wifi_control_data &&wifi_control_data->set_power) {
                wifi_control_data->set_power(on);
        }
        if (msec)
                msleep(msec);
        return 0;
}
Wifi_set_power函數中調用 wifi_control_data->set_power(on),wifi_control_data就是剛才說的那個重要變量,注意它是從 wifi_device平台設備的wifi_platform_data獲取的,那麼看看上面的wifi_device初始化的代碼:
static struct platform_device mahimahi_wifi_device = {
        .name           = "bcm4329_wlan",
        .id             = 1,
        .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(mahimahi_wifi_resources),
        .resource       = mahimahi_wifi_resources,
        .dev            = {
                .platform_data =&mahimahi_wifi_control,
        },
};

static struct wifi_platform_datamahimahi_wifi_control= {
        .set_power      = mahimahi_wifi_power,
        .set_reset      = mahimahi_wifi_reset,
        .set_carddetect = mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect,
        .mem_prealloc   = mahimahi_wifi_mem_prealloc,
};
所以它實際調用的是mahimahi_wifi_power函數,該函數的定義在kernel/arch/arm /mach-msm/board-mahimahi-mmc.c之中:
int mahimahi_wifi_power(int on)
{
       printk("%s: %d\n", __func__, on);

        if (on) {
               config_gpio_table(wifi_on_gpio_table,
                                  ARRAY_SIZE(wifi_on_gpio_table));
               mdelay(50);
        } else {
               config_gpio_table(wifi_off_gpio_table,
                                 ARRAY_SIZE(wifi_off_gpio_table));
        }

        mdelay(100);
        gpio_set_value(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_WIFI_SHUTDOWN_N,on); /* WIFI_SHUTDOWN */
        mdelay(200);

       mahimahi_wifi_power_state = on;
        return 0;
}
調用gpio_set_value操作wifi芯片,给wifi芯片上電。那麼來看看wifi_set_ carddetect函數究竟幹了什麼:
Path:wl/sys/wl_android.c
static int wifi_set_carddetect(int on)
{
       DHD_ERROR(("%s = %d\n", __FUNCTION__, on));
        if(wifi_control_data && wifi_control_data->set_carddetect) {
               wifi_control_data->set_carddetect(on);
        }
        return 0;
}
同样會調用wifi_device的mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect函數:
Path:kernel/arch/arm/mach-msm/board-mahimahi-mmc.c
int mahimahi_wifi_set_carddetect(int val)
{
       pr_info("%s: %d\n", __func__, val);
       mahimahi_wifi_cd = val;
        if(wifi_status_cb) {
                wifi_status_cb(val,wifi_status_cb_devid);
        } else
               pr_warning("%s: Nobody to notify\n", __func__);
        return 0;
}
Wifi_status_cb代碼:
static int mahimahi_wifi_status_register(
                        void (*callback)(intcard_present, void *dev_id),
                        void *dev_id)
{
        if (wifi_status_cb)
                return -EAGAIN;
        wifi_status_cb = callback;
        wifi_status_cb_devid = dev_id;
        return 0;
}

static unsigned intmahimahi_wifi_status(struct device *dev)
{
        return mahimahi_wifi_cd;
}

static structmmc_platform_data mahimahi_wifi_data = {
        .ocr_mask               = MMC_VDD_28_29,
        .built_in               = 1,
        .status                 = mahimahi_wifi_status,
        .register_status_notify= mahimahi_wifi_status_register,
        .embedded_sdio          = &mahimahi_wifi_emb_data,
};
由上面代碼;不難看出會有個地方調用mahimahi_wifi_status_register設置wifi_status_cb這個回調函數,可以跟蹤這個mahimahi_wifi_data結構體,來看看它被傳遞给了誰:
int msm_add_sdcc(unsigned intcontroller, struct mmc_platform_data *plat,
                 unsigned int stat_irq,unsigned long stat_irq_flags);

int __initmahimahi_init_mmc(unsigned int sys_rev, unsigned debug_uart)
{
        ……

        msm_add_sdcc(1, &mahimahi_wifi_data, 0, 0);

       ……
        if (system_rev > 0)
                msm_add_sdcc(2,&mahimahi_sdslot_data, 0, 0);
        else {
                mahimahi_sdslot_data.status =mahimahi_sdslot_status_rev0;
               mahimahi_sdslot_data.register_status_notify = NULL;
               set_irq_wake(MSM_GPIO_TO_INT(MAHIMAHI_GPIO_SDMC_CD_REV0_N), 1);
                msm_add_sdcc(2, &mahimahi_sdslot_data,
         ……
}
可以跟蹤到這裏Path:kernel/arch/arm/mach-msm/devices-msm7x30.c
struct platform_device msm_device_sdc1 = {
        .name           = "msm_sdcc",
        .id             = 1,
        .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc1),
        .resource       = resources_sdc1,
        .dev            = {
               .coherent_dma_mask      =0xffffffff,
        },
};

struct platform_device msm_device_sdc2 = {
        .name           = "msm_sdcc",
        .id             = 2,
        .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc2),
        .resource       = resources_sdc2,
        .dev            = {
               .coherent_dma_mask      =0xffffffff,
        },
};

struct platform_devicemsm_device_sdc3 = {
        .name           = "msm_sdcc",
        .id             = 3,
        .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc3),
        .resource       = resources_sdc3,
        .dev            = {
                .coherent_dma_mask      = 0xffffffff,
        },
};

struct platform_device msm_device_sdc4= {
        .name           = "msm_sdcc",
        .id             = 4,
        .num_resources  = ARRAY_SIZE(resources_sdc4),
        .resource       = resources_sdc4,
        .dev            = {
                                                                                                                         439,2-16      62%
                .coherent_dma_mask      = 0xffffffff,
        },
};

static struct platform_device *msm_sdcc_devices[] __initdata = {
        &msm_device_sdc1,
        &msm_device_sdc2,
        &msm_device_sdc3,
        &msm_device_sdc4,
};

int __initmsm_add_sdcc(unsigned int controller, struct mmc_platform_data *plat,
                        unsigned int stat_irq,unsigned long stat_irq_flags)
{
        ……

        pdev =msm_sdcc_devices[controller-1]; //因为傳過來的controller1,所以下面注冊的是第一個平台設備
        pdev->dev.platform_data= plat;  //被傳遞给平台設備的platform_data

        res =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, "status_irq");
        if (!res)
                return -EINVAL;
        else if (stat_irq) {
                res->start = res->end =stat_irq;
                res->flags &=~IORESOURCE_DISABLED;
                res->flags |=stat_irq_flags;
        }

        return platform_device_register(pdev); //如上所述
}
那麼這個平台設備是什麼呢,就是sd卡控制器,也就是前面說的host驅動所驅動的主機控制設備。
Path: drivers/mmc/host/msm_sdcc.c
static struct platform_drivermsmsdcc_driver = {
        .probe          = msmsdcc_probe,
        .suspend        = msmsdcc_suspend,
        .resume         = msmsdcc_resume,
        .driver         = {
                .name   = "msm_sdcc",
        },
};

static int __initmsmsdcc_init(void)
{
        return platform_driver_register(&msmsdcc_driver);
}
驅動成功匹配設備後,調用probe函數:
static int
msmsdcc_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)
{
......
if (stat_irqres &&!(stat_irqres->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)) {
……
        } else if(plat->register_status_notify) {
                plat->register_status_notify(msmsdcc_status_notify_cb,host);
        } else if (!plat->status)
......
}
msmsdcc_status_notify_cb調用msmsdcc_check_status函數:
msmsdcc_status_notify_cb(intcard_present, void *dev_id)
{
        struct msmsdcc_host *host = dev_id;

        printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s:card_present %d\n", mmc_hostname(host->mmc),
               card_present);
        msmsdcc_check_status((unsigned long) host);
}
msmsdcc_check_status調用mmc_detect_change函數:
static void
msmsdcc_check_status(unsignedlong data)
{
        ……
        if (status ^ host->oldstat) {
                pr_info("%s: Slot statuschange detected (%d -> %d)\n",
                        mmc_hostname(host->mmc),host->oldstat, status);
                if (status &&!host->plat->built_in)
                        mmc_detect_change(host->mmc, (5 * HZ) / 2);
                else
                        mmc_detect_change(host->mmc, 0);
        }

        host->oldstat = status;

out:
        if (host->timer.function)
                mod_timer(&host->timer,jiffies + HZ);
}
可以看到mmc_detect_change被調用了,這個函數觸發了一個延時工作:
void mmc_detect_change(structmmc_host *host, unsigned long delay)
{
……

        mmc_schedule_delayed_work(&host->detect, delay);
}
這個時候它會在delay時間後,執行host->detect延時工作對應的函數,在host驅動注冊並匹配設備成功後執行的probe函數裏,會調用mmc_alloc_host動態創建一個mmc_host:
msmsdcc_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)
{
......
/*
         * Setup our host structure
         */

        mmc = mmc_alloc_host(sizeof(struct msmsdcc_host),&pdev->dev);
        if (!mmc) {
                ret = -ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }
......
}
mmc_alloc_host初始化工作入口:
struct mmc_host*mmc_alloc_host(int extra, struct device *dev)
{
......
INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&host->detect, mmc_rescan);
......
}
mmc_rescan是core.c中一個很重要的函數,它遵照 SDIO 卡協議的 SDIO 卡启動過程,包括了非激活模式、卡識別模式和數據傳輸模式三種模式共九種狀態的轉換,你需要参照相關規範來理解。
void mmc_rescan(structwork_struct *work)
{
        struct mmc_host *host =
                container_of(work, structmmc_host, detect.work);
......
        mmc_power_up(host);
        sdio_reset(host);
        mmc_go_idle(host);

       mmc_send_if_cond(host, host->ocr_avail);

        /*
         * First we search for SDIO...
         */
        err = mmc_send_io_op_cond(host, 0, &ocr);
        if (!err) {
                if (mmc_attach_sdio(host, ocr))
                        mmc_power_off(host);
                extend_wakelock = 1;
                goto out;
        }
......
}
這個mmc_attach_sdio函數很重要,它是SDIO卡的初始化的起點,主要工作包括:匹配SDIO卡的工作電壓,分配並初始化mmc_card結構,然後注冊mmc_card到系統中:
/*
 * Starting point for SDIO card init.
 */
int mmc_attach_sdio(structmmc_host *host, u32 ocr)
{
        ……

        mmc_attach_bus(host,&mmc_sdio_ops);  //初始化hostbus_ops

       ……

        host->ocr = mmc_select_voltage(host, ocr); //匹配SDIO卡工作電壓

        ……

        /*
         * Detect and init the card.
         */
        err = mmc_sdio_init_card(host, host->ocr, NULL, 0);//檢測,分配初始化mmc_card
        if (err)
                goto err;
        card = host->card;
/*
         * If needed, disconnect card detectionpull-up resistor.
         */
        err = sdio_disable_cd(card);
        if (err)
                goto remove;

        /*
         * Initialize (but don't add) all present functions.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < funcs; i++, card->sdio_funcs++) {
#ifdef CONFIG_MMC_EMBEDDED_SDIO
                if(host->embedded_sdio_data.funcs) {
                       struct sdio_func *tmp;

                        tmp = sdio_alloc_func(host->card);
                        if(IS_ERR(tmp))
                               goto remove;
                       tmp->num = (i + 1);
                       card->sdio_func[i] = tmp;
                       tmp->class = host->embedded_sdio_data.funcs[i].f_class;
                       tmp->max_blksize = host->embedded_sdio_data.funcs[i].f_maxblksize;
                       tmp->vendor = card->cis.vendor;
                       tmp->device = card->cis.device;
                } else {
#endif
                        err =sdio_init_func(host->card, i + 1);
                        if (err)
                                goto remove;
#ifdefCONFIG_MMC_EMBEDDED_SDIO
                }
#endif
        }

        mmc_release_host(host);

        /*
         * First add the card to the drivermodel...
         */
        err = mmc_add_card(host->card);     //添加mmc_card
        if (err)
                goto remove_added;

        /*
         * ...then the SDIO functions.
         */
        for (i = 0;i < funcs;i++) {
                err =sdio_add_func(host->card->sdio_func[i]);              //sdio_func加入系統
                if (err)
                       goto remove_added;
        }

        return 0;
......
}
這样,SDIO卡已經初始化成功並添加到了驅動中。上面說的過程是在SDIO設備注冊時的調用流程,mmc_rescan是整個流程主體部分,由它 來完成SDIO設備的初始化和添加。其實上面的流程只是創建,初始化,添加SDIO設備的一條線,還有另外的兩條線也會調用mmc_rescan函數進行 SDIO設備的上述操作:
(1)    加載SDIO host驅動模塊
(2)    SDIO設備中斷

1.3.2.1        加載SDIO host驅動模塊

Host作为平台設備被注冊,前面也有列出相應源碼:
static struct platform_drivermsmsdcc_driver = {
        .probe          = msmsdcc_probe,
        .suspend        = msmsdcc_suspend,
        .resume         = msmsdcc_resume,
        .driver         = {
                .name   = "msm_sdcc",
        },
};

static int __initmsmsdcc_init(void)
{
        returnplatform_driver_register(&msmsdcc_driver);
}

Probe函數會調用mmc_alloc_host函數(代碼前面已經貼出)來創建mmc_host結構變量,進行必要的初始化之後,調用mmc_add_host函數將它添加到驅動裏面:
int mmc_add_host(structmmc_host *host)
{
        ……

        err =device_add(&host->class_dev);
        if (err)
                return err;
        mmc_start_host(host);
        if (!(host->pm_flags &MMC_PM_IGNORE_PM_NOTIFY))
                register_pm_notifier(&host->pm_notify);

        return 0;
}
       Mmc_start_host定義如下:
void mmc_start_host(structmmc_host *host)
{
      mmc_power_off(host);
       mmc_detect_change(host, 0);
}
mmc_power_off中對 ios進行了設置,然後調用 mmc_set_ios(host);
host->ios.power_mode = MMC_POWER_OFF;
       host->ios.bus_width = MMC_BUS_WIDTH_1;
       host->ios.timing =MMC_TIMING_LEGACY;
       mmc_set_ios(host);
mmc_set_ios(host) 中的關鍵語句 host->ops->set_ios(host, ios),實際上在host驅動的probe函數中就已經對host->ops進行了初始化:
……
/*
         * Setup MMC host structure
         */
        mmc->ops = &msmsdcc_ops;
……

static const structmmc_host_ops msmsdcc_ops = {
        .request        = msmsdcc_request,
        .set_ios        =msmsdcc_set_ios,
        .enable_sdio_irq =msmsdcc_enable_sdio_irq,
};

所以實際上調用的是msmsdcc_set_ios,關於這個函數就不介紹了,可以参考源碼,再看 mmc_detect_change(host, 0),最後一句是:
      mmc_schedule_delayed_work(&host->detect,delay);
實際上就是調用我們前面說的延時函數 mmc_rescan,後面的流程是一样的。

1.3.2.2        SDIO設備中斷

SDIO設備通過SDIO總線與host相連,SDIO總線的DAT[1]即pin8可以作为中斷線使用,當SDIO設備向host產生中斷時,host會對終端做出相應的動作,在host驅動的probe函數中申請並注冊相應的中斷函數:
static int
msmsdcc_probe(structplatform_device *pdev)
{
......
  cmd_irqres = platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,
                                                 "cmd_irq");
        pio_irqres =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,
                                                 "pio_irq");
        stat_irqres =platform_get_resource_byname(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ,
                                                  "status_irq");
......
  if (stat_irqres && !(stat_irqres->flags &IORESOURCE_DISABLED)) {
                unsigned long irqflags =IRQF_SHARED |
                        (stat_irqres->flags& IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK);

                host->stat_irq = stat_irqres->start;
                ret = request_irq(host->stat_irq,
                                  msmsdcc_platform_status_irq,
                                 irqflags,
                                 DRIVER_NAME " (slot)",
                                 host);
                if (ret) {
                        pr_err("%s: Unableto get slot IRQ %d (%d)\n",
                              mmc_hostname(mmc), host->stat_irq, ret);
                        goto clk_disable;
                }
        }
......
}
當產生相應的中斷時調用msmsdcc_platform_status_irq中斷處理函數,這個函數的處理流程:
msmsdcc_platform_status_irq—>
msmsdcc_check_statusà
mmc_detect_changeà
mmc_rescanà
那麼,這裏为何調用mmc_rescan呢?因为前面說過mmc_rescanrescan函數主要用於SDIO設備的初始化,如果SDIO設備產 生中斷不應該是已經初始化可以使用了嗎?其實mmc_rescan還有其它的工作,從函數名就能看出來它還有再掃描檢測功能,即如果設備產生了中 斷,mmc_rescan函數一開始就會再次檢測所有掛接在該host上的所有SDIO設備,確認是否存在,如果不存在就做相應的釋放工作,以確保數據的 一致性。如果檢測到了新的設備那麼它就會創建一個新的mmc_card,初始化並添加該設備。
中斷引發的調用mmc_rescan動作的意義:實現了SDIO設備的熱插拔功能。

1.3.3       WIFI驅動流程(二)

  此調用流程由dhd_bus_register發起,通過sdio_register_driver注冊一個sdio設備驅動,然後通過 dhdsdio_probe初始化並注冊一個網络設備,網络設備的注冊標志着wifi驅動已經成功加載,關於網络設備的創建,初始化和注冊後面會有詳細介 紹,先來理一下上面的調用流程,:

dhd_mudule_init—>             //path:dhd/sys/dhd_linux.c
Dhd_bus_registerà        // dhd/sys/dhd_sdio.c
Bcmsdh_registerà         // bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_linux.c
Sdio_function_inità              // bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_sdmmc_linux.c
Sdio_register_driverà  // bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_sdmmc_linux.c
Bcmsdh_sdmmc_probeà//bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_sdmmc_linux.c
Bcmsdh_probeà//bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_linux.c
Bcmsdio_probeà //dhd/sys/dhd_sdio.c
這裏注意上面兩個紅色標記的函數,sdio_register_driver注冊了一個sdio設備,在匹配成功後調用 bcmsdh_sdmmc_probe函數,這個函數會調用bcmsdh_probe。這裏有一點要注意:瀏覽bcmsdh_linux.c文件可以看 出,在bcmsdh_register函數中,當定義了BCMLXSDMMC宏時,會調用sdio_function_init函數,否則調用 driver_register函數:
int
bcmsdh_register(bcmsdh_driver_t*driver)
{
        int error = 0;

        drvinfo = *driver; //注意這裏,後面會介紹到它的用處

#if defined(BCMPLATFORM_BUS)
#if defined(BCMLXSDMMC)
       SDLX_MSG(("Linux Kernel SDIO/MMC Driver\n"));
        error =sdio_function_init();
#else
       SDLX_MSG(("Intel PXA270 SDIO Driver\n"));
        error =driver_register(&bcmsdh_driver);
#endif /* defined(BCMLXSDMMC) */
        return error;
#endif /*defined(BCMPLATFORM_BUS) */

#if !defined(BCMPLATFORM_BUS)&& !defined(BCMLXSDMMC)
#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE <KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 0))
        if (!(error =pci_module_init(&bcmsdh_pci_driver)))
                return 0;
#else
        if (!(error =pci_register_driver(&bcmsdh_pci_driver)))
                return 0;
#endif

        SDLX_MSG(("%s: pci_module_initfailed 0x%x\n", __FUNCTION__, error));
#endif /* BCMPLATFORM_BUS */

        return error;
}
上面的流程中有sdio_function_init的調用出現,所以這裏實際上BCMLXSDMMC宏被定義了,bcmsdh_probe函數只 是作为一個普通函數被調用,如果不定義該宏,那麼bcmsdh_probe函數會被作为驅動匹配設備後第一個調用的函數而被自動調用。
再看看dhdsdio_probe函數調用的玄機,從上面的bcmsdh_register函數可以看出它的参數被傳遞给了drvinfo,看看bcmsdh_register的調用地方:
static bcmsdh_driver_t dhd_sdio = {
        dhdsdio_probe,
        dhdsdio_disconnect
};

int
dhd_bus_register(void)
{
        DHD_TRACE(("%s: Enter\n",__FUNCTION__));

        return bcmsdh_register(&dhd_sdio);
}
上面傳遞的参數是dhd_sdio結構變量,被用兩個函數初始化了,那麼哪一個是attach呢?需要找到定義bcmsdh_driver_t結構定義的地方:
Path:src/include/bcmsdh.h
/* callback functions */
typedef struct {
        /* attach to device */
        void *(*attach)(uint16 vend_id, uint16 dev_id, uint16 bus,uint16 slot,
                       uint16 func, uint bustype, void * regsva, osl_t * osh,
                       void * param);
        /* detach from device */
        void (*detach)(void *ch);
} bcmsdh_driver_t;
沒錯,就是第一個dhdsdio_probe函數,再來看看什麼地方調用了這個attach函數:
Path:bcmsdio/sys/bcmsdh_linux.c

#ifndef BCMLXSDMMC
static
#endif /* BCMLXSDMMC */
int bcmsdh_probe(struct device*dev)
{
......
if (!(sdhc->ch = drvinfo.attach((vendevid>> 16),
                                        (vendevid & 0xFFFF), 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                        (void*)regs, NULL, sdh))) {
                SDLX_MSG(("%s: device attachfailed\n", __FUNCTION__));
                goto err;
        }

        return 0;
......
}
紅色部分的函數調用是drvinfo.attach,就是上面傳遞過來的dhdsdio_probe函數了,仔細閱讀你會發現上面那個bcmsdh_driver_t結構體定義的地方有個說明,即把該結構的成員函數當做callback函數來使用,這就是它的用意所在。

1.3.4       網络設備注冊流程

上面是網络設備注冊流程,在dhdsdio_probe函數中先後對dhd_attach和dhd_net_attach兩個函數調 用,dhd_attach主要用於創建和初始化dhd_info_t和net_device兩個結構變量,然後調用dhd_add_if將創建的 net_device變量添加到dhd_info_t變量的iflist列表中(支持多接口)。
Dhd_attach的流程如下:
dhd_pub_t *
dhd_attach(osl_t *osh, structdhd_bus *bus, uint bus_hdrlen)
{
        dhd_info_t *dhd = NULL;
        struct net_device *net = NULL;

......
        /* Allocate etherdev, including spacefor private structure */
        if (!(net = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(dhd)))) {   //網络設備的創建
                DHD_ERROR(("%s: OOM -alloc_etherdev\n", __FUNCTION__));
                goto fail;
        }
        dhd_state |=DHD_ATTACH_STATE_NET_ALLOC;


        /* Allocate primary dhd_info */
        if (!(dhd = MALLOC(osh, sizeof(dhd_info_t)))) { //dhd的創建
                DHD_ERROR(("%s: OOM -alloc dhd_info\n", __FUNCTION__));
                goto fail;
        }
......
/* Set network interface name if it was provided as moduleparameter */
        if (iface_name[0]) {
                int len;
                char ch;
                strncpy(net->name,iface_name, IFNAMSIZ);
                net->name[IFNAMSIZ - 1] = 0;
                len = strlen(net->name);
                ch = net->name[len - 1];
                if ((ch > '9' || ch <'0') && (len < IFNAMSIZ - 2))
                        strcat(net->name,"%d");
        }

        if (dhd_add_if(dhd, 0, (void *)net, net->name, NULL, 0, 0)== DHD_BAD_IF)   //將前面創建的net添加到iflist列表中
                goto fail;
        dhd_state |= DHD_ATTACH_STATE_ADD_IF;
......
Memcpy(netdev_priv(net), &dhd, sizeof(dhd)); //關聯dhdnet

//dhd的初始化工作
}
Dhd_add_if的添加網络接口流程:
int
dhd_add_if(dhd_info_t *dhd, int ifidx, void *handle, char *name,
        uint8 *mac_addr,uint32 flags, uint8 bssidx)
{
        dhd_if_t *ifp;

        DHD_TRACE(("%s: idx %d,handle->%p\n", __FUNCTION__, ifidx, handle));

        ASSERT(dhd && (ifidx <DHD_MAX_IFS));

        ifp =dhd->iflist[ifidx];
        if (ifp != NULL) {
                if (ifp->net != NULL) {
                       netif_stop_queue(ifp->net);
                       unregister_netdev(ifp->net);
                        free_netdev(ifp->net);   //如果已經存在,釋放net成員
                }
        } else
                if ((ifp = MALLOC(dhd->pub.osh,sizeof(dhd_if_t))) == NULL) {
                       DHD_ERROR(("%s: OOM - dhd_if_t\n", __FUNCTION__));      //否則,創建一個dhd_if_t結構變量
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }

        memset(ifp, 0, sizeof(dhd_if_t));
        ifp->info = dhd;      //進行系列初始化,添加工作
       dhd->iflist[ifidx] = ifp;
       strncpy(ifp->name, name, IFNAMSIZ);
        ifp->name[IFNAMSIZ] = '\0';
        if (mac_addr != NULL)
                memcpy(&ifp->mac_addr, mac_addr,ETHER_ADDR_LEN);

        if (handle == NULL) {
                ifp->state = DHD_IF_ADD;
                ifp->idx = ifidx;
                ifp->bssidx = bssidx;
               ASSERT(&dhd->thr_sysioc_ctl.thr_pid >= 0);
               up(&dhd->thr_sysioc_ctl.sema);
        } else
                ifp->net = (struct net_device *)handle;             //handle即一個net_device變量

        return 0;
}
這样,一個net_device網路設備就被添加到了接口管理列表中了,但是這是網路設備還沒有完成初始化和注冊工作,bcmsdio_probe函數隨後對dhd_net_attach的調用完成了這個操作:
int
dhd_net_attach(dhd_pub_t*dhdp, int ifidx)
{
        dhd_info_t *dhd = (dhd_info_t*)dhdp->info;
        struct net_device *net = NULL;
        int err = 0;
        uint8 temp_addr[ETHER_ADDR_LEN] = {0x00, 0x90, 0x4c, 0x11, 0x22, 0x33 };

        DHD_TRACE(("%s: ifidx %d\n",__FUNCTION__, ifidx));

        ASSERT(dhd &&dhd->iflist[ifidx]);

        net = dhd->iflist[ifidx]->net;              //首先從剛才添加的接口列表中取出net,然後進行下面的系列初始化工作
        ASSERT(net);
//根據內核版本信息,選擇對net成員函數的初始化方式,假設是2.6.30的版本
#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE <KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 31))
        ASSERT(!net->open);
        net->get_stats = dhd_get_stats;
        net->do_ioctl =dhd_ioctl_entry;
       net->hard_start_xmit = dhd_start_xmit;
       net->set_mac_address = dhd_set_mac_address;
       net->set_multicast_list = dhd_set_multicast_list;
        net->open =net->stop = NULL;
#else
        ASSERT(!net->netdev_ops);
        net->netdev_ops = &dhd_ops_virt;
#endif

        /* Ok, link into the network layer...*/
        if (ifidx == 0) {
                /*
                 * device functions for theprimary interface only
                 */
#if (LINUX_VERSION_CODE <KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 31))
                net->open = dhd_open;
               net->stop = dhd_stop;
#else
                net->netdev_ops = &dhd_ops_pri;
#endif
        } else {
                /*
                 * We have to use the primaryMAC for virtual interfaces
                                                                                                                          3417,1-8      66%
                 */
                memcpy(temp_addr,dhd->iflist[ifidx]->mac_addr, ETHER_ADDR_LEN);
                /*
                 * Android sets the locallyadministered bit to indicate that this is a
                 * portable hotspot.  This will not work in simultaneous AP/STAmode,
                 * nor with P2P.  Need to set the Donlge's MAC address, andthen use that.
                 */
                if(!memcmp(temp_addr, dhd->iflist[0]->mac_addr,
                        ETHER_ADDR_LEN)) {
                        DHD_ERROR(("%sinterface [%s]: set locally administered bit in MAC\n",
                        __func__,net->name));
                        temp_addr[0] |= 0x02;
                }
        }

       net->hard_header_len = ETH_HLEN + dhd->pub.hdrlen;
#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >=KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 24)
        net->ethtool_ops = &dhd_ethtool_ops;
#endif /* LINUX_VERSION_CODE>= KERNEL_VERSION(2, 6, 24) */

#ifdefined(CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT)
#if WIRELESS_EXT < 19
        net->get_wireless_stats = dhd_get_wireless_stats;
#endif /* WIRELESS_EXT < 19*/
#if WIRELESS_EXT > 12
        net->wireless_handlers = (struct iw_handler_def*)&wl_iw_handler_def;   //這裏的初始化工作很重要,之後的ioctl流程會涉及到對它的使用
#endif /* WIRELESS_EXT > 12*/
#endif /*defined(CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT) */

        dhd->pub.rxsz =DBUS_RX_BUFFER_SIZE_DHD(net);
                //設置設備地址
        memcpy(net->dev_addr, temp_addr, ETHER_ADDR_LEN);

        if ((err =register_netdev(net)) != 0) {       //注冊net
                DHD_ERROR(("couldn'tregister the net device, err %d\n", err));
                goto fail;
        }
       

……
}
到這裏net網络設備就被注冊到系統中了,設備准備好了就好對設備進行訪問了


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